florida snail identification

Apex distinctly convex in outline. Vas deferens independent of blind caecum and its duct. Shaggy Ghostsnail Rails, gallinules, coots and cranes. Nautilus, 19: 34. Shell thin, fragile, very much depressed, less than 0.25 times as high as long. (Pfeiffer, 1839). Aperture never with a septum. It was first identified in Florida by Dr. Harry G. Lee, who discovered the snail in Duval County in 2009. Shell translucent. Length of shell 2.6-3.0 mm (Fig. Spiral angulation on whorls sharp and prominent in juveniles, usually becoming convex-rounded or smooth on last whorl in adults. Shell medium-sized or large; 5.4-7.5 mm long; thick and opaque; ovate or globose; apical whorls depressed; sides of spire rounded; body whorl conspicuously enlarged, ample, rapidly descending to aperture along last half whorl. 24, 27). Amnicola rhombostoma 41-43). Interior of adult aperture with brownish tinge. Florida's . Shell generally thin but strong; whorls of spire strongly convex with deep suture (Figs. Two new species of hydrobiid snails from Florida and Georgia, and a discussion of the biogeography of south Georgia streams. Hydrobiids are small- to medium-sized operculate snails that live primarily in brackish and fresh water. Aperture widely separated from preceding whorl. Peristome incomplete around aperture. Shell with or without bands; slender; Suture deeply impressed; upper whorls with a strongly carinate periphery (Fig. Two subfamilies occur in North America. Eight species have been proposed. TAMPA, Fla. - A horntail snail, an invasive pest common in India, has been found in Miami-Dade County, spurring agriculture officials to start a program to prevent the possible spread of the species, the Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services said Thursday. By 1973, more than 18,000 snails had been found and destroyed along with thousands of eggs, and the snail was . (Thompson, 1968). (Fig. Floridobia alexander The fixative may damage the shell, but that is unimportant for anatomical purposes. Wekiwa Hydrobe Univ. Suture relatively deep, Whorls of spire rounded. 198, 205). The sexes are separate and fertilization is internal (Andrews, 1964). Lioplax pilsbryi choctawhatchensis Identify your shells using our popular photo guide to southwest Florida shells from Sanibel Island and beyond. 145). This will lead you to the final choice which identifies the snail. Size: 2-4 cm. B. Melanoides tuberculata (Muller) in Florida. Alexander Siltsnail (Fig. Evolution has occurred through reproductive specialization, with each genus and most species having distinctive patterns of dermal glands. Papilla with a duct that leads to a blind caecum in nape of snail. 68); lobe and flagellum with various patterns of dermal glands; central tooth of radula with basocones located on reflected margin of tooth (Fig. Penis with papillae along right margin (Figs. Prominent minor spiral sculpture along periphery. Hebetancylus excentricus Central tooth of radula with long basocones along base (Fig. Sides of spire straight-sided in outline. Whorls of spire pointed and scalariform (steplike with nearly flat shoulders and deep sutures). Shell conical to ovate-conical. Basch (1963) revised the classification and recognized only twelve species. Vernacular manes used in this manual are consistent with the standardized list of vernacular names for North American freshwater snails recently established by the American Fisheries Society (Turgeon, et al, 1998). 38). Body whorl relatively narrow, not conspicuously enlarging near aperture (Fig. Only genera that enter fresh water are treated. In others, some or all populations may be parthenogenetic, consisting only of females, or they may have a disproportionately small number of males. Adult shells about 40 70 mm high (Fig. Seminole Rams-horn Click on images to enlarge them. Ponderous Siltsnail Regal Hydrobe (Walker, 1925). 62). Aperture loosely attached to or widely separated from preceding whorl. Marisa cornuaurietus Spilochlamys conica Shell elongate-conical, with about 5-7 whorls. The . 132). Amber to milky white in color (Figs. Viviparus contectoides limi, new name for V. c. compactus Pils. 126); accessory crest present on penis. 10). Another variety, with cream-colored flesh and mottled brown shells, was detected in 2022. Credit: Craig Pittman. Females ovoviviparous or oviparous. Our state park system has won national awards . Shell with 5.6-6.8 whorls; about 3.2-4.5 mm long (Fig. Outer lip of aperture strongly sinuous in lateral profile (Fig. Wekiwa Siltsnail Marginal teeth of radula spatulate and bearing 8-10 weakly differentiated cusps. Penis with superior tubercles forming a vague broken loop; invaginated cave-like pit absent. Shell larger, thicker, and opaque; spire 0.9-1.3 times length of aperture; with more than 4.2 whorls; penis flagellum with glandular crests. This family contains twelve genera in North America. There have been introductions of this species into Argentina, the Atlantic Islands, Australia, Chile, Haiti, Mexico, New Zealand, and . Shell sculptured with very fine, uniformly spaced axial threads (Figs.168-170). 34); penis frlattened, blade-like (Fig. Base of last whorl with prominent spiral ridges. The greatest diversity of genera and species is in the Indo-Australian region. Shell generally elliptical in outline. Until recently the entire knowledge of the Florida freshwater snail fauna was based on miscellaneous papers dealing with single species, groups of closely related species or single river systems. 46). Critical Florida references are Thompson 1968, 1969, 2000; Thompson and Hershler, 1991, and Hershler and Thompson, 1992. Umbilicus open, although very narrow in some species; occasionally closed. Columellar margin of aperture wide, flat-faced; apex of spire usually erroded; apical whorls, when present, with minute spiral striations; central tooth of radula with basocones located on ridged surface of tooth (Fig. All snails in the subfamily Achatininae, including the giant African snail (GAS) (Lissachatina fulica), are regulated plant pests. Philadelphia, 134: 143-77. (Fig. Size small I I to medium, 8-12 mm in length. Outer lip of aperture with a thick callus on inner surface. The Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services has mapped out a . The best times to look for shells are after a high tide, after a storm, in the morning, and during the winter months. Earlier whorls of adult shell with vertical ribs and spiral chords. 109a, 109b). 16, 25, 28). Adults about 2-3 mm long (Figs. 5: 1-140. (Lea, 1834). Freshwater mollusks of Alabama, Georgia and Florida from the Escambia to the Suwannee River. Florida Shell Guide. Thompson, F.G. 1968. Penis with a few simple scattered superior tubercles on outer surface; parapical crest on a low ridge; accessory crest and inferior crest absent (Fig. 89-91). Shell with strong vertical ribs on spire; spiral chords vestigial, confined to spiral series of knobs on top of vertical ribs; adults small, about 13-16 mm long (Fig. You can also navigate through the images by clicking on the arrows near the left and right edges of the enlarged view. Vail, V. A. 87). Apical whorls bluntly rounded and not conspicuously elevated. 97). The horntail . Sides of spire concave in outline (Fig. Apex smooth, with no trace of radial striations (Fig. After a few years in storage glandular tissues in the female reproductive system deteriorate, and the process gradually spreads to destroy all but the terminal genital structures. Nuclear whorl 0.41 mm in diameter transverse to initial suture. Shell sculptured with prominent nodes overlapping suture and forming crenulations. Bayou Physa Aperture narrowly in contact or free from preceding whorl. Laevapex is a North American genus. 63). Female shell about 4-6 mm long (Figs. Choctaw Lioplax Thicker leaves may have damage on only one side. 65). Penis with 2 or 3 papillae on left margin (Fig. Sculpture consisting of axial striations only (Fig.147). Work through the questions, each time choosing the characteristic that best matches your snail from the two choices. (Thompson, 1968). The number of subfanilies recognized in the Hydrobiida is unsettled. The species are highly variable, and there is no consensus regarding the number of valid species. Few of the North American species have been studied to the extent that their taxonomy, geographic distributions, life histories, and ecology are documented. Additional surveys found four different populations all associated with the CSX railways. Spire raised and flat-topped. Marginal teeth of radula trapezoidal with well-differentiated cusps. Helisoma anceps anceps In Florida, the African land snail existed largely in Miami-Dade County, although hundreds of the pests were found in Broward County, specifically western Davie, in 2014. . 151, 152). Giant African snails can lead to giant problems. There is much disagreement as to how many species actually exist. (Linnaeus, 1758). Apical whorls raised to form a point on top of spire. Shell shaggy with numerous spiral fimbriations that are broken into synchronized tufts. Moderately large, thick-shelled operculate snails. 208, 209), although radial striations may be present on other areas of shell. Choctawhatchee Elimia Newborn shells brown. Do not use tap water since copper ions from the plumbing system may contaminate the tap water and kill the snails prematurely. (Thompson, 1968). Aperture loosely attached to or slightly free from preceding whorl. Occasional Papers on Mollusks, 2: 261-87. Shell squat, compact, cylindric-conical in shape, thick and opaque. Officials in Florida are again battling a highly invasive, extraordinarily destructive giant snail species that also happens to be capable of spreading parasitic worms that invade human brains . Walkerana, 13: 1-108. Females with live embryos in brood pouch in mantle; males with right eye stalk modified as a penis. Floridobia wekiwae U.S. Florida Invasive species. Floridobia vanhyningi Mantle spotted with black, shaded or unmarked; terminal lobe of penis with complex crests that cause it to look like an animals head; flagellum slender, with scattered and discontinuous glands along edge (Figs. 39). Teardrop Snail Whorls flat-sided with suture weakly impressed. The radula can be studied by dissecting out the buccal mass and macerating it in clorox or sodium hydroxide. Shell elongate, thin, transparent, grayish. It wasn't until 2021 the population was. Body whorl inflated. Prepared by Fred G. Thompson, Fmr. Shell nearly smooth, sculptured with irregular growth striations. 10-12). About 4.2-4.6 weakly arched whorls with a weakly impressed suture. (Lea, 1842). Males with penis at anterior right corner of mantle cavity. Opercula should be glued to cotton plugs and replaced within the aperture. 1918. Penis without a conspicuously enlarged papilla near right base, although other papillae usually are present. Aphaostracon xynoelictus 148). 15, 18). State officials said the last live snail found in Florida before the Pasco . 141). The LIOPLACINAE is endemic and include Campeloma, Lioplax, and Tulotoma. University of Florida Aphaostracon pycnus They were detected in 2011 in Miami-Dade County and eradicated again in 2021. The basic shell morphology of the PLANORBIDAE is left-handed, or sinistral (FIGS. Basch (1963) recognized five valid species. Shell large, 4.0-4.6 mm long; thick and opaque. Clench, W.J. Bright pink egg masses are laid on . Adult shell about 4-5 mm high; umbilicus wide; columellar margin of the aperture concave in outline (Fig. 49, 50). Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, 129: 401-61. 202, 208). Suture weakly impressed. Only three widely distributed species occur in Florida. Body whorl strongly keeled as though pinched at the periphery (Figs. Thompson, F. G. 1969. In the event that only shell specimens are available, picture-matching may be necessary to eliminate some choices in the couplets. Aperture enlarged (dilated). Newborn shells white. Mantle diffusely pigmented or unpigmented. Gulf Coast Pebblesnail) Somatogyrus walkerianus (Aldrich, 1905). Adequate preservation begins when the specimens are collected. Adult shell without lamella on interior walls of aperture. Thompson, F. G. & R. Hershler. Brownish-yellow in color (Fig. Whorls globose, with a deeply impressed suture. Apex with fine radial striations (Figs. Now officially known as simply a Snail Kite, the subspecies from Florida and Cuba (Rostrhamus sociabilis plumbeus) formerly known as the Everglade Snail Kite was listed as endangered in 1967.The range of the Florida population of Snail Kites is restricted to watersheds in the central and . Conical with relatively obese whorls. 83). Embryonic shell with fine vertical ribs and a heavy spiral chord on periphery and two basal spiral chords (Fig. Shell conical or globose-conical; thin, translucent, occasionally opaque. Operculum loosely coiled, with 3.75 large whorls, the outer one expanding more rapidly than the others (Figs. 159, 162, 165). 35). Giant African land snails, an invasive species of mollusk, poses a threat to Florida residents as it can spread meningitis from a parasite it carries. (Vanatta, 1934). Size larger, adults 7 mm or more in width. Umbilical perforation narrow, 1/8 1/10 diameter of shell. Parapical crest of verge greatly enlarged. Melanoides turricula Proc. Suture relatively shallow. Whorls 3.8-4.3. 143). Penis with large papilla on right margin near base and one or two papillae on left margin near distal end (Figs. Crystal Siltsnail The snails live in the bays and mudflats, but after they die their shells wash up on the beaches. This is not the first time Florida has dealt with an invasion of giant snails. Burch, J. Radial striations present or absent Laevapex Walker, 1903. Thompson, F. G. 2000. Color often glossy reddish brown. Pomacea paludosa, common name the Florida applesnail, is a species of freshwater snail with an operculum, an aquatic gastropod mollusk in the family Ampullariidae, the apple snails . Aperture elliptical in shape; spire slenderer and slightly convex in outline; suture moderately impressed suture; parapical crest reduced in size. Penis with invaginated cave-like pit within U-shaped superior tubercles. (C.B. 159-196). Penny Sprite) Micromenetus floridensis (Baker, 1945). They have been found in extremely high numbers in some crop fields, including corn, cotton, and peanuts, in home gardens, and around farm . This subfamily includes about fifteen North American and European genera (Thompson 1979). A synopsis of the classification of the freshwater Mollusca of North America north of Mexico and a catalogue of the more recently described species with notes. In previous editions of the manual the Florida species were placed in the genus Physella. October 14, 2021 7:00 am. Marsh Sprite 55). The deterioration process is not reversible. J. Clench and Ruth P. Turner (1956) published a survey of the fauna from the Suwannee River west to the Escambia River. 36); males with a copulatory appendage, a penis (Fig. MIAMI-DADE, Fla. As if 2020 did not have enough surprises and curveballs, an invasive snail located in the U.S. for the first time was discovered in-- you guessed it, Florida. Maiden Campeloma Graphite Elimia Rock Fossaria One species, Spilochlamys turgida (Thompson, 1969), the Pumpkin Siltsnail (Fig. Identification of Marine Snails reefdup Identification, Snails July 3, 2020 Cerith, Collonista, Collumbellid, Conch, Limpet, Nassarius, Nerite, Ninja, Pyramidellid, Snail, Stomatella, Turbo, Vermetid 3 Comments Marine snails come in all shapes, sizes, colors, and function, so proper identification is crucial! Penis filament black. 64). Operculum constructed entirely of concentric rings (Fig. A parasite that can cause fatal disease in people and animals has been detected in South Florida (South Florida Sun-Sentinel) A dangerous parasite found in the giant African land snails that. 1-69. Peristome incomplete around aperture. Channeled Applesnail Aperture without serrate denticles on parietal wall. Incremental striations uniformly weak. Essentially identical shells occur repeatedly among unrelated genera and subfamilies. Clifton Spring Hydrobe (Lamark, 1822). Thiarids are ecologically significant because they tend to replace native snails where they are introduced and because of their abundance. The VIVIPARINAE is widely distributed throughout Europe, Asia and eastern North America. 115, 116). Oftentimes you'll see trails of mucous around these damaged sites. Embryonic shell smooth, without spiral chords (Fig. Shell grayish-white. 96). Indented Duskysnail This causes problems in species identification and yield an undermeasure of the actual number of species that exist in nature. Aperture relatively large with fine, uneven, serrate denticles along parietal wall (Fig. Aphaostracon monas Base of shell open when viewed from below, showing most of preceding whorl due to curved basal lip (Fig. A giant African land snail, photographed at a lab in 2014. 37), which is important for generic and specific diagnosis. Mantle cavity with gill on dorsal surface. Since then a great amount of fieldwork has taken place throughout Florida, and many additions to the fauna have come to light. Shell more slender, about 0.30-0.35 times as wide as high. Elimia floridensis Rhapinema dacryon Definitive identifications may require anatomical dissections and reference to other literature. 34, 35). Height of shell about 14-16 mm; width, 10-12 mm (Figs. (Jay, 1839). There is no consensus in systematic biology about how to treat these forms. 169). Its brown spotted exterior provides camouflage, making it a challenge to spot. Slough Hydrobe Curator of Malacology Suture deeply impressed, forming a channel. 124). Shell depressed. On June 24th the Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services (FDACS) created a quarantine surrounding the town of New Port Richey. Elimia doolyensis Shell transparent or opaque. Aperture large, oval, much more than half the length of shell. 159-179). Spiketopped Applesnail 12). 131). 77-79). Whorls of spire less rounded. Operculum paucispiral, with about three rapidly expanding whorls (Fig. Penis simple, elongate-conical, without papillae (Fig. Shell elongate. 119). The following key is modified from Basch (1963). Nautilus, 32: 71. Stately Elimia Some were range extensions for species known to occur in adjacent areas. Sculpture above periphery of whorls consisting of nodes arranged in vertical and spiral rows. Ferrissia is widely distributed in the northern hemisphere. One to several dark growth-rest varixes usually present on last whorl. Fighting a new infestation of an invasive, crop-damaging snail, Florida agriculture officials on Thursday said they have collected 1,000 of the creatures in just over a week in Pasco County, where they were recently discovered following two years in abeyance. In 1976 in the St. Johns River 1 found Melanoides tuberculatus with population densities of 10,000/m2. Columellar margin of aperture very thick but not reflected over umbilical area (Fig.103). Shell elongate-conical; 10-40 mm long in adult specimens; apex of spire usually eroded; shell with 8-12 whorls although eroded specimens may have fewer; shell usually strongly sculptured with spiral and/or vertical ribs and threads (except in Elimia dickinsoni); central tooth of radula without basal or lateral cusps (Fig. Florida Press, Gainesville: i-xv, 1-68; pls. 99). Little is known about these animals, and diverse opinions exist as to how many species are recognizable. They achieve their greatest diversity in genera and species in temperate North America. Miscellaneous Publication of the Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan, 6: 1-213. Slender Walker The snails remain a threat in Hawaii and the Caribbean after their eradication in Florida in 2021. 85). (Thompson, 1969). The last time anyone had seen a land snail in the Sunshine State was at the tail-end of a year-long, $23-million battle to eradicate the invasive species from South Florida in 2012. Planorbella duryi The snail can wreak havoc on agriculture and carry a parasite that causes meningitis in humans.. 72-74). 17-29). Umbilicus closed. 122). The first edition of The Freshwater Snails of Florida: a Manual for Identification was published in 1984. Fawn Melania Central tooth of radula with basocones located on fore or lateral wing of tooth (Figs. Whorls 3.0-4.0. The International Commision on Zoological Nomenclature has ruled that AMPULLARIIDAE is the valid name for this family of snails. 113). Length of shell up to 5 mm. 84). Parietal margin of operculum slightly convex in outline (Fig. Umbilicus of shell perforated or broadly open. The living snail is bright orange. In 2011, a population of the pests was discovered in Miami-Dade County. Lyogyrus retromargo Shell unicolor, never banded. 162-164). Shell rounded at the periphery (Figs. The family contains many genera and numerous species in South America, Central America, Mexico, Africa, and Southeast Asia. (Clench & Turner, 1956). Revista de Biologia Trpical, 51 (supplement): 1-299. (Thompson, 1968). Conical Siltsnail Shell distinctly carinated above and below; both apex and base funnel-shaped. 2018). (Mihalcik & Thompson, 2002). Radial riblets on entire surface of shell except apex. Spiral angulation on last whorl obsolete or bluntly rounded and forming a shallow sulcus below shoulder of last whorl. Olive NeriteNeritina usnea(Reding, 1798). (Thompson, 1968). Basal lip of peristome deeply receded. Penis with 3 papillae along right margin (Fig. The author has attempted to simplify the key to include the minimum anatomical data needed for accurate identification. 81). 4, 5). Spilochlamys gravis Aperture moderately oblique. Aperture non-operculate; mantle cavity modified into a lung. Shell planular or disc-shaped; spire flat when raised above succeeding whorls (Figs. Spire shorter, conical, 0.7-1.3 times length of aperture, nearly straight-sided in outline, suture of whorls weakly or moderately impressed. 47). (Say, 1817). Giant African Land Snail Identification Sheet - Florida Commissioner of . Some species are dioecious with a normal representation of males and females. (Sowerby, 1878). The radula is then thoroughly rinsed in distilled water, stained, and mounted on a microscope slide. A taxonomic revision of the feshwater snails referred to as Elimia curvicostata, and related secies. Apex less than 0.4 times length of shell. MESZAROS: It's not clear how these snails entered Florida again. 81-83). Tarebia granifera 105, 106). Vernacular names are given only for species. 5). Parietal margin of operculum concave (Fig. Penis with large a terminal lobe on the left side and a smaller appendix-like flagellum on the right side. The spire differs between bumpy and smooth but it is always elongated. (Thompson, 1968). Contents 1 Shell description 2 Distribution 3 Ecology 4 References 5 Further reading Shell description [ edit] Five views of a shell of Pomacea paludosa (Reeve, 1860). After the shells are thoroughly rinsed, they can be air-dried in cardboard trays. 142). Apex flat with narrow threadlike keel. It is believed the snail was introduced via the railway cars coming from Mexico. Aperture elliptical and usually attached to preceding whorl; 4.1-4.5 whorls present. Ferrissia mcneilli Floridobia petrifons Aperture broadly ovate in shape; parietal wall weakly in contact or solute from body whorl; whorls more prominently arched and with a deeper impressed suture. Shell with 5.0-6.5 whorls; about 3-5 mm long (Fig. Vertical sculpture reduced to irregularly spaced and uneven growth striations or low undulating ribs. Thick-lipped Rams-horn Adult shells about 40-60 mm high (Fig. Whorls shouldered above near suture (Fig. Height of shell about 23-26 mm (Figs. Planorbula armigera wheatleyi Fine vertical ribs present on uppermost whorls. Hershler, R. & F. G. Thompson. Elimia annae Body whorl relatively rapidly expanding in diameter (Fig. Bugle Sprite Dusky Ancylid However, this appears to be an over reduction, and several southern species were synonymized that appear worthy of recognition. 201, 207). Operculum with about 3 whorls (Fig. Shell unicolor brown, never mottled with reddish spots. Apical whorls pointed and raised, but not scalariform. M-879 CONE SNAIL, Conus floridanus A small and less poisonous species, no one has ever died or been stung by one of these slow-movers, but like all cones, they have a venomous proboscis. (Haldeman, 1841). Thompson, F. G. & R. Hershler. Medium- to large-sized tropical freshwater snails. Penis with a dense pattern of superior tubercles. Click on the link in the row that best matches your snail. i-xxxvi, 1-530 pls. 1918. Average length about 5.5 mm (Figs. Shell moderately elevated, over 0.25 times as high as long. Shell more slender and attenuate; spire more elongate in adults, about 0.7- 1.0 times height of aperture. Shell conical to elongate-conical; whorls 4.0-4.5 with a deeply impressed suture. 159). Shell brightly banded and with large, wide and wavey vertical folds; robust, usually 21-25 mm long (Fig.

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