Sood, A., Barton, D. L., Bauer, B. Current Therapeutic Reserch 1983;33(6):1098-1104. Nephron 38 (1984): 120-4, 6. View abstract. . View abstract. Therapeutic evaluation of L-carnitine in Egyptian children with dilated cardiomyopathy. View abstract. View abstract. View abstract. As noted before, your body can also produce this substance naturally from the amino acids methionine and lysine if your stores are low. View abstract. Bonner CM, DeBrie KL, Hug G, et al. Carnitine improves peripheral glucose disposal in non-insulin-dependent diabetic patients. Lagioia, R., Scrutinio, D., Mangini, S. G., Ricci, A., Mastropasqua, F., Valentini, G., Ramunni, G., Totaro, Fila G., and Rizzon, P. Propionil-L-carnitine: a new compound in the metabolic approach to the treatment of effort angina. There is little evidence that L-carnitine supplementation improves cancer -related fatigue, low fertility, or overall physical health. View abstract. Hlais, S., Reslan, D. R., Sarieddine, H. K., Nasreddine, L., Taan, G., Azar, S., and Obeid, O. Effects of L-propionylcarnitine on ischemia-induced myocardial dysfunction in men with angina pectoris. Effects of L-carnitine supplementation on the quality of life in diabetic patients with muscle cramps. Brevetti G, Diehm C, Lambert D, et al. J Clin Lipidology 2012;6:150-158. Can L-carnitine supplementation and exercise improve muscle complications in patients with liver cirrhosis who receive branched-chain amino acid supplementation? The efficacy of combined l-carnitine and l-acetyl carnitine in men with idiopathic oligoasthenoteratozoospermia: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Version: 1.03. 2001;37(5):1018-1028. Sakurabayashi, T., Miyazaki, S., Yuasa, Y., Sakai, S., Suzuki, M., Takahashi, S., and Hirasawa, Y. L-carnitine supplementation decreases the left ventricular mass in patients undergoing hemodialysis. View abstract. It seems l carnitine is a relatively safe nutrient in doses ranging from 50 to 500 mg. Higher doses may lead to excess energy, restlessness, perhaps insomnia. 2008;49(4):145-149. L-Carnosine (-alanyl-L-histidine) is a dipeptide of the amino acids beta-alanine and histidine. Pucciarelli, G., Mastursi, M., Latte, S., Sacra, C., Setaro, A., Lizzadro, A., and Nolfe, G. [The clinical and hemodynamic effects of propionyl-L-carnitine in the treatment of congestive heart failure]. View abstract. Curr Med Res Opin 1990;11:638-47. Fagher, B., Thysell, H., Nilsson-Ehle, P., Monti, M., Olsson, L., Eriksson, M., Lindstedt, S., and Lindholm, T. The effect of D,L-carnitine supplementation on muscle metabolism, neuropathy, cardiac and hepatic function in hemodialysis patients. Fertil.Steril. Dig.Dis Sci 2006;51(3):488-494. Lai CL, Ahn SH, Lee KS, Um SH, Cho M, Yoon SK, Lee JW, Park NH, Kweon YO, Sohn JH, Lee J, Kim JA, Han KH, Yuen MF. Memeo A, Loiero M. Thioctic acid and acetyl-L-carnitine in the treatment of sciatic pain caused by a herniated disc: a randomized, double-blind, comparative study. View abstract. Aliment.Pharmacol Ther 2011;34(9):1088-1097. Rossle, C., Pichard, C., Roulet, M., Chiolero, R., Schutz, Y., Temler, E., Schindler, C., Zurlo, F., Jequier, E., and Furst, P. [Effect of L-carnitine supplemented total parenteral nutrition on postoperative lipid and nitrogen utilization]. Curr Med Res Opin. Ther Apher Dial 2020. View abstract. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 1999;44:170-2. Katiyar, A. and Aaron, C. Case files of the Children's Hospital of Michigan Regional Poison Control Center: the use of carnitine for the management of acute valproic acid toxicity. Effects of L-carnitine on oxidant/antioxidant status in acetic acid-induced colitis. View abstract. Borghi-Silva, A., Baldissera, V., Sampaio, L. M., Pires-DiLorenzo, V. A., Jamami, M., Demonte, A., Marchini, J. S., and Costa, D. L-carnitine as an ergogenic aid for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease submitted to whole-body and respiratory muscle training programs. Madeddu, C., Dessi, M., Panzone, F., Serpe, R., Antoni, G., Cau, M. C., Montaldo, L., Mela, Q., Mura, M., Astara, G., Tanca, F. M., Maccio, A., and Mantovani, G. Randomized phase III clinical trial of a combined treatment with carnitine + celecoxib +/- megestrol acetate for patients with cancer-related anorexia/cachexia syndrome. Med.Sci Monit. Serati AR, Motamedi MR, Emami S, et al. Several conditions can cause bradycardia, including several potentially serious conditions, such as myocarditis, sleep apnea, lupus or certain medications. Sawicka AK, Hartmane D, Lipinska P, Wojtowicz E, Lysiak-Szydlowska W, Olek RA. Brunel-Guitton, C., Costa, T., Mitchell, G. A., and Lambert, M. Treatment of cobalamin C (cblC) deficiency during pregnancy. Payne, C., Wiffen, P. J., and Martin, S. Interventions for fatigue and weight loss in adults with advanced progressive illness. 2007;178(4 Pt 1):1398-1403. View abstract. Protective effect of intravenous levocarnitine on subsequent-month hospitalization among prevalent hemodialysis patients, 1998 to 2003. Acetyl-L-Carnitine is a potent brain enhancer that can help enhance your learning ability while protecting your brain. 2017;96(39):e8117 View abstract. View abstract. Clin Drug Investig. View abstract. View abstract. 2014 Jul 21;14:88. Mingrone G. Carnitine in type 2 diabetes. Arzneimittelforschung 1982;32(3):293-297. Volek, J. S., Judelson, D. A., Silvestre, R., Yamamoto, L. M., Spiering, B. Askarpour M, Hadi A, Symonds ME, et al. Kobayashi, A., Masumura, Y., and Yamazaki, N. L-carnitine treatment for congestive heart failure--experimental and clinical study. Le Tourneau, C., Faivre, S., Ciruelos, E., Dominguez, M. J., Lopez-Martin, J. Baghban F, Hosseinzadeh M, Mozaffari-Khosravi H, Dehghan A, Fallahzadeh H. The effect of L-Carnitine supplementation on clinical symptoms, C-reactive protein and malondialdehyde in obese women with knee osteoarthritis: a double blind randomized controlled trial. A few more health benefits have been linked to L-carnitine supplements. Cardiovasc.Drugs Ther 2007;21(6):445-448. It can also cause the urine, breath, and sweat to have a "fishy" odor. Digiesi, V., Palchetti, R., and Cantini, F. [The benefits of L-carnitine therapy in essential arterial hypertension with diabetes mellitus type II]. Sangouni AA, Pakravanfar F, Ghadiri-Anari A, Nadjarzadeh A, Fallahzadeh H, Hosseinzadeh M. The effect of L-carnitine supplementation on insulin resistance, sex hormone-binding globulin and lipid profile in overweight/obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a randomized clinical trial. BMC Public Health. Miguel-Carrasco, J. L., Mate, A., Monserrat, M. T., Arias, J. L., Aramburu, O., and Vazquez, C. M. The role of inflammatory markers in the cardioprotective effect of L-carnitine in L-NAME-induced hypertension. Pediatr Nephrol 2021;36(11):3741-3747. Pryor, J. L., Glass, S. L., Campagnone, J., and Sigman, M. Randomized double blind placebo controlled trial of carnitine for the treatment of idiopathic asthenospermia. Reprod.Biomed.Online. Int.J Cosmet.Sci 2011;33(6):519-526. View abstract. Casciani CU, Caruso U, Cravotto E, and et al. Side effects may include nausea, gastrointestinal discomfort, bloating, diarrhea, hives, lower back pain, leg restlessness, numbness, rash, endocrine changes, increased inflammatory response, increased blood urea nitrogen, severe tissue necrosis and venous irritation. View abstract. Toptas, B., Baykal, A., Yesilipek, A., Isbir, M., Kupesiz, A., Yalcin, O., and Baskurt, O. K. L-carnitine deficiency and red blood cell mechanical impairment in beta-thalassemia major. 2009;10(2):103-110. Taking too much (2 to 3 grams . Opala G, Winter S, Vance C, et al. Side Effects. 2004;97(2):c41-c48. Am.J Kidney Dis 2007;50(5):803-812. Krahenbuhl S, Reichen J. Carnitine metabolism in patients with chronic liver disease. Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. 2009;61(4):215-217. Although potent on its own, this supplement works best when stacked with other nootropics. Use of a long-chain triglyceride-restricted/medium-chain triglyceride-supplemented diet in a case of malonyl-CoA decarboxylase deficiency with cardiomyopathy. View abstract. Mol.Genet.Metab 2008;94(3):287-291. Additional L-carnitine Reduced the Risk of Hospitalization in Patients with Overt Hepatic Encephalopathy on Rifaximin. J Cardiovasc Thorac Res 2020;12(4):246-255. View abstract. View abstract. Bloomer, R. J., Farney, T. M., Trepanowski, J. F., McCarthy, C. G., Canale, R. E., and Schilling, B. K. Comparison of pre-workout nitric oxide stimulating dietary supplements on skeletal muscle oxygen saturation, blood nitrate/nitrite, lipid peroxidation, and upper body exercise performance in resistance trained men. Gramignano, G., Lusso, M. R., Madeddu, C., Massa, E., Serpe, R., Deiana, L., Lamonica, G., Dessi, M., Spiga, C., Astara, G., Maccio, A., and Mantovani, G. Efficacy of l-carnitine administration on fatigue, nutritional status, oxidative stress, and related quality of life in 12 advanced cancer patients undergoing anticancer therapy. View abstract. 2010;16(3):235-249. View abstract. Tentative evidence suggests L-carnitine supplements might increase your risk of atherosclerosis. van Dalen, E. C., Caron, H. N., Dickinson, H. O., and Kremer, L. C. Cardioprotective interventions for cancer patients receiving anthracyclines. Torrioli, M. G., Vernacotola, S., Peruzzi, L., Tabolacci, E., Mila, M., Militerni, R., Musumeci, S., Ramos, F. J., Frontera, M., Sorge, G., Marzullo, E., Romeo, G., Vallee, L., Veneselli, E., Cocchi, E., Garbarino, E., Moscato, U., Chiurazzi, P., D'Iddio, S., Calvani, M., and Neri, G. A double-blind, parallel, multicenter comparison of L-acetylcarnitine with placebo on the attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in fragile X syndrome boys. Sweets. View abstract. Pharmacol Rev 2002;54:589-98. [Effect of L-carnitine in patients with ischemic heart disease]. Bolognesi, M., Amodio, P., Merkel, C., Godi, L., and Gatta, A. Be sure to have your blood checked regularly. Moncada ML, Vicari E, Cimino C, et al. Pourmand G, Movahedin M, Dehghani S, Mehrsai A, Ahmadi A, Pourhosein M, Hoseini M, Ziloochi M, Heidari F, Beladi L, Noori M. Does L-carnitine therapy add any extra benefit to standard inguinal varicocelectomy in terms of deoxyribonucleic acid damage or sperm quality factor indices: a randomized study. Fietta, P. and Manganelli, P. Carnitine: a therapeutic option for childhood psoriatic onycho-pachydermo-periostitis (POPP). 2009;32(1):35-40. J Clin Hypertens.(Greenwich.) View abstract. "Product Information. Pesce, V., Fracasso, F., Cassano, P., Lezza, A. M., Cantatore, P., and Gadaleta, M. N. Acetyl-L-carnitine supplementation to old rats partially reverts the age-related mitochondrial decay of soleus muscle by activating peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1alpha-dependent mitochondrial biogenesis. List of All Orphan Products Designations and Approvals. View abstract. Altunbasak S, Baytok V, Tasouji M, et al. View abstract. Remember, keep this and all other medicines out of the reach of children, never share your medicines with others, and use this medication only for the indication prescribed. Hypertension 2010;55(2):e13. View abstract. Fornasini, G., Upton, R. N., and Evans, A. M. A pharmacokinetic model for L-carnitine in patients receiving haemodialysis. Int Urol Nephrol 2021;53(10):2149-2158. For these reasons, L-carnitine supplements are only necessary in special cases, such as disease treatment. Eur Heart J 1994;15(10):1348-1352. Nasser, M., Javaheri, H., Fedorowicz, Z., and Noorani, Z. Carnitine supplementation for inborn errors of metabolism. Arch Intern Med 1999;159:1143-4. 7 Best Creatine Supplements for Women in 2023: A Dietitians Picks. Newborn screening for glutaric aciduria type I in Victoria: treatment and outcome. Alcohol Alcohol 2010;45(5):449-455. Role of L-carnitine in apnea of prematurity: a randomized, controlled trial. Effects of L- and DL-carnitine on patients with impaired exercise tolerance. View abstract. 2010;13(2):145-147. However, one analysis of nine studies mostly in obese individuals or older adults found that people lost an average of 2.9 pounds (1.3 kg) more weight while taking L-carnitine (29). A pilot study on aging skeletal muscle mass and function. Ramos AC, Barrucand L, Elias PR, et al. View abstract. View abstract. Jirillo, E., Altamura, M., Munno, I., Pellegrino, N. M., Sabato, R., Di Fabio, S., and De Simone, C. Effects of acetyl-L-carnitine oral administration on lymphocyte antibacterial activity and TNF-alpha levels in patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis. Also, your health care professional may be able to tell you about ways to prevent or reduce some of these side effects. View abstract. View abstract. View abstract. Sigma-Tau Pharmaceuticals (2001): 2. Am.J Clin Oncol. The easiest way to lookup drug information, identify pills, check interactions and set up your own personal medication records. People taking carnitine have reported a number of side effects, including: Diarrhea, nausea, stomach pain, and vomiting Headaches Trouble sleeping Higher blood pressure Lower blood sugar and. View abstract. Kaviani, M., Nourshahi, M., and Shokoohi, F. The effects of acute L-carnitine administration on ventilatory breakpoint and exercise performance during incremental exercise. 2005-2023 Healthline Media a Red Ventures Company. Circ Rep 2019;1(11):508-516. 1993;142(2):155-159. It can also cause the. BMC Comp Altern Med 2002;2:5. L-Carnitine may also be used for purposes not listed in this medication guide. View abstract. Follow your doctor's instructions about any restrictions on food, beverages, or activity. Biolo, G., Stulle, M., Bianco, F., Mengozzi, G., Barazzoni, R., Vasile, A., Panzetta, G., and Guarnieri, G. Insulin action on glucose and protein metabolism during L-carnitine supplementation in maintenance haemodialysis patients. L-carnitine may aid weight loss. 2007;44(2):83-90. Int J Clin Pharmacol Res 1983;3(3):179-184. Effects of acute L-carnitine intake on metabolic and blood lactate levels of elite badminton players. Loffredo, L., Pignatelli, P., Cangemi, R., Andreozzi, P., Panico, M. A., Meloni, V., and Violi, F. Imbalance between nitric oxide generation and oxidative stress in patients with peripheral arterial disease: effect of an antioxidant treatment. Mercadal, L., Coudert, M., Vassault, A., Pieroni, L., Debure, A., Ouziala, M., Depreneuf, H., Fumeron, C., Servais, A., Bassilios, N., Becart, J., Assogba, U., Allouache, M., Bouali, B., Luong, N., Dousseaux, M. P., Tezenas-du, Montcel S., and Deray, G. L-carnitine treatment in incident hemodialysis patients: the multicenter, randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled CARNIDIAL trial. J Inherit.Metab Dis 2007;30(1):5-22. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 1998;54:503-8. Singh RB, Niaz MA, Agarwal P, et al. Abbasnezhad A, Choghakhori R, Kashkooli S, Alipour M, Asbaghi O, Mohammadi R. Effect of L-carnitine on liver enzymes and biochemical factors in hepatic encephalopathy: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Scand.J Clin Lab Invest 1985;45(2):179-184. Effects of high carnitine supplementation on substrate utilization in low-birth-weight infants receiving total parenteral nutrition. Drug Dev Res 1988;14:213-216. L-carnitine is the standard biologically active form of carnitine, which is found in your body, foods and most supplements. Chen, J. C., Tsai, T. C., Liu, C. S., and Lu, C. T. Acute hearing loss in a patient with mitochondrial myopathy, encephalopathy, lactic acidosis and stroke-like episodes (MELAS). Four weeks of taking supplements did not increase fat burning (28). Plioplys AV, Kasnicka I. L-carnitine as a treatment for Rett syndrome. Kraft, M., Kraft, K., Gartner, S., Mayerle, J., Simon, P., Weber, E., Schutte, K., Stieler, J., Koula-Jenik, H., Holzhauer, P., Grober, U., Engel, G., Muller, C., Feng, Y. S., Aghdassi, A., Nitsche, C., Malfertheiner, P., Patrzyk, M., Kohlmann, T., and Lerch, M. M. L-Carnitine-supplementation in advanced pancreatic cancer (CARPAN)--a randomized multicentre trial. Spiering, B. Semin Perinatol 1999;23:152-61. Am J Clin.Nutr 2009;89(1):71-76. View abstract. Efficacy of l-carnitine supplementation for management of blood lipids: A systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Ovidius University Annals, Physical Education and Sport/Science, Movement and Health Series 2010;10(Suppl 2):504-507. Effect of L-carnitine supplementation on renal anemia in patients on hemodialysis: a meta-analysis. Although the cause of depression is unclear, scientists have hypothesized that depression may be partly caused by the overactivation of the HPA axis - the part of the nervous system that responds to stress. One study of people with type 2 diabetes taking anti-diabetic medication indicated that carnitine supplements significantly reduced blood sugar levels, compared to a placebo (55). J Cardiol 1991;21(2):493-504. Kurul S, Dirik E, Iscan A. Serum carnitine levels during oxcarbazepine and carbamazepine monotherapies in children with epilepsy. View abstract. 1991;13(1-2):135-146. Corbucci, G. G., Melis, A., Piga, M., Marchionni, A., and Calvani, M. Influence of acetyl-carnitine on some mitochondrial enzymic activities in the human cerebral tissue in conditions of acute hypoxia. 2001;23 Suppl 1:S85-S89. Am J Clin Nutr 1980;33(7):1489-1492. Micic S, Lalic N, Djordjevic D, et al. View abstract. Propionyl-L-carnitine is likely to be safe when used under medical supervision. Rossini, P. M., Marchionno, L., Gambi, D., Pirchio, M., Del Rosso, G., and Albertazzi, A. EMG changes in chronically dialyzed uraemic subjects undergoing d, 1- Carnitine treatment. View abstract. Broad, E. M., Maughan, R. J., and Galloway S DR. Derosa, G., Maffioli, P., Salvadeo, S. A., Ferrari, I., Gravina, A., Mereu, R., D'Angelo, A., Palumbo, I., Randazzo, S., and Cicero, A. F. Sibutramine and L-carnitine compared to sibutramine alone on insulin resistance in diabetic patients. 415-989-2539. View abstract. View abstract. Schmidt-Sommerfeld E, Penn D, Wolf H. Carnitine deficiency in premature infants receiving total parenteral nutrition: effect of L-carnitine supplementation. Vicari E, La Vignera S, Calogero AE. View abstract. Liu, S., Wu, H. J., Zhang, Z. Q., Chen, Q., Liu, B., Wu, J. P., and Zhu, L. L-carnitine ameliorates cancer cachexia in mice by regulating the expression and activity of carnitine palmityl transferase.